Rashidun Caliphate

Rashidun Caliphate was an empire in Arabia (Middle East) that lasted from 632 to 661 CE, about 29 years. Its people spoke Arabic languages (Arabic-speaking states).

The first four caliphs conquered the Sasanian Empire and Byzantine Syria and Egypt in two decades. The murder of Uthman and Ali's civil war with Mu'awiya opened the split between Sunni and Shia.

See Rashidun Caliphate on the interactive timeline

Facts

Dates: 632 to 661 CE
Duration: 29 years
Type: Empire
Region: Arabia, Middle East
Language family: Arabic
Capital: Medina, later Kufa

Came from

Muhammad's state at Medina 622 to 632 CE

Became

Umayyad Caliphate 661 to 750 CE

Events in Middle East during its time

636 Battles of Yarmouk and Qadisiyyah

Neighbours in Middle East

Byzantine Empire 395 to 1453 CE
Sasanian Empire 224 to 651 CE
Umayyad Caliphate 661 to 750 CE
Khazar Khaganate c. 650 to 969 CE
Byzantine Syria and Palestine 395 to 640 CE
Muhammad's state at Medina 622 to 632 CE
Caucasian Albania c. 150 BCE to 705 CE
Bavandids 651 to 1349 CE
Lazica (Egrisi) c. 100 to 697 CE
Ghassanids c. 220 to 638 CE

Elsewhere in the world at the same time

Byzantine Empire 395 to 1453 CE, Europe
Ghana Empire (Wagadu) c. 300 to 1200 CE, North and West Africa
Kingdom of Aksum c. 100 to 940 CE, North and West Africa
Srivijaya c. 650 to 1377 CE, Southeast Asia
Moche (Mochica) c. 100 to 800 CE, South America
Tiwanaku c. 400 to 1000 CE, South America
Tang dynasty 618 to 907 CE, East Asia

Questions

When did Rashidun Caliphate exist?

632 to 661 CE, about 29 years.

Where was Rashidun Caliphate?

Arabia, in Middle East. Its capital was Medina, later Kufa.

What language did Rashidun Caliphate speak?

Arabic. This family includes Arabic-speaking states.

What came before Rashidun Caliphate?

Muhammad's state at Medina.

What came after Rashidun Caliphate?

Umayyad Caliphate.