Khazar Khaganate

Khazar Khaganate was an empire in Caucasus (Middle East) that lasted from c. 650 to 969 CE, about 319 years. Its people spoke Turkic languages (Gokturk, Uyghur, Seljuk, Ottoman, Kazakh, Tatar).

Turkic steppe empire north of the Caucasus that halted Arab expansion in the 8th century. Its ruling elite converted to Judaism. Sviatoslav of Kiev destroyed it around 969.

See Khazar Khaganate on the interactive timeline

Facts

Dates: c. 650 to 969 CE
Duration: 319 years
Type: Empire
Region: Caucasus, Middle East
Language family: Turkic
Capital: Balanjar, later Atil

Events in Middle East during its time

680 Battle of Karbala
762 Founding of Baghdad

Neighbours in Middle East

Byzantine Empire 395 to 1453 CE
Abbasid Caliphate 750 to 1258 CE
Sasanian Empire 224 to 651 CE
Umayyad Caliphate 661 to 750 CE
Rashidun Caliphate 632 to 661 CE
Zaydi Imamate of Yemen 897 to 1918 CE
Bagratid Armenia 885 to 1045 CE
Buyids 934 to 1062 CE
Sharifate of Mecca 967 to 1925 CE
Caucasian Albania c. 150 BCE to 705 CE

Elsewhere in the world at the same time

Republic of Venice c. 697 to 1797 CE, Europe
Byzantine Empire 395 to 1453 CE, Europe
Swahili city-states c. 800 to 1700 CE, Central and Southern Africa
Ghana Empire (Wagadu) c. 300 to 1200 CE, North and West Africa
Holy Roman Empire 962 to 1806 CE, Europe
Kingdom of Aksum c. 100 to 940 CE, North and West Africa
Srivijaya c. 650 to 1377 CE, Southeast Asia
Moche (Mochica) c. 100 to 800 CE, South America
Khmer Empire 802 to 1431 CE, Southeast Asia
Tiwanaku c. 400 to 1000 CE, South America

Questions

When did Khazar Khaganate exist?

c. 650 to 969 CE, about 319 years. These dates are approximate, because the evidence for its beginning or end is uncertain.

Where was Khazar Khaganate?

Caucasus, in Middle East. Its capital was Balanjar, later Atil.

What language did Khazar Khaganate speak?

Turkic. This family includes Gokturk, Uyghur, Seljuk, Ottoman, Kazakh, Tatar.