Khazar Khaganate

Khazar Khaganate was an empire in Russia and the Steppe (Europe) that lasted from c. 650 to 969 CE, about 319 years. Its people spoke Turkic languages (Gokturk, Uyghur, Seljuk, Ottoman, Kazakh, Tatar).

A Turkic khaganate between the Volga, the Don and the Caucasus that stopped Arab expansion northward. Its elite adopted Judaism in the 8th or 9th century. Sviatoslav of Kiev sacked Atil around 969.

See Khazar Khaganate on the interactive timeline

Facts

Dates: c. 650 to 969 CE
Duration: 319 years
Type: Empire
Region: Russia and the Steppe, Europe
Language family: Turkic
Capital: Atil

Events in Europe during its time

732 Battle of Tours
793 Viking raid on Lindisfarne
800 Charlemagne crowned emperor

Neighbours in Europe

Republic of Venice c. 697 to 1797 CE
Byzantine Empire 395 to 1453 CE
Holy Roman Empire 962 to 1806 CE
Kievan Rus 882 to 1240 CE
Carolingian Empire 751 to 843 CE
Papal States 756 to 1870 CE
Kingdom of Scotland 843 to 1707 CE
Kingdom of Norway c. 872 to 1397 CE
Kingdom of Denmark c. 936 to 1397 CE
Kingdom of Wessex c. 519 to 927 CE

Elsewhere in the world at the same time

Byzantine Empire 395 to 1453 CE, Middle East
Swahili city-states c. 800 to 1700 CE, Central and Southern Africa
Ghana Empire (Wagadu) c. 300 to 1200 CE, North and West Africa
Kingdom of Aksum c. 100 to 940 CE, North and West Africa
Srivijaya c. 650 to 1377 CE, Southeast Asia
Moche (Mochica) c. 100 to 800 CE, South America
Khmer Empire 802 to 1431 CE, Southeast Asia
Tiwanaku c. 400 to 1000 CE, South America
Abbasid Caliphate 750 to 1258 CE, Middle East
Chola Empire 848 to 1279 CE, South Asia

Questions

When did Khazar Khaganate exist?

c. 650 to 969 CE, about 319 years. These dates are approximate, because the evidence for its beginning or end is uncertain.

Where was Khazar Khaganate?

Russia and the Steppe, in Europe. Its capital was Atil.

What language did Khazar Khaganate speak?

Turkic. This family includes Gokturk, Uyghur, Seljuk, Ottoman, Kazakh, Tatar.