Mongol Empire

Mongol Empire was an empire in Mongolian plateau (Central and North Asia) that lasted from 1206 to 1368 CE, about 162 years. Its people spoke Mongolic languages (Mongol, Khitan, Oirat).

Genghis Khan united the steppe in 1206, and he and his heirs conquered from Korea to Hungary, the largest land empire in history. After 1260 it split into the Yuan, Chagatai, Golden Horde and Ilkhanate.

See Mongol Empire on the interactive timeline

Facts

Dates

1206 to 1368 CE

Duration

162 years

Type

Empire

Region

Mongolian plateau, Central and North Asia

Language family

Mongolic

Capital

Karakorum, later Khanbaliq

Came from

• Kara-Khitai 1124 to 1218 CE
• Khwarazmian Empire 1077 to 1231 CE
• Kereit, Naiman, Tatar and Merkit tribes c. 1000 to 1206 CE
• Khamag Mongol c. 1130 to 1206 CE

Became

• Chagatai Khanate 1225 to 1370 CE
• Golden Horde 1242 to 1502 CE
• Northern Yuan 1368 to 1635 CE

Events in Central and North Asia during its time

• 1206 Temujin proclaimed Genghis Khan
• 1220 Mongols sack Bukhara and Samarkand

Neighbours in Central and North Asia

• Uyghur Kingdom of Qocho c. 843 to 1335 CE
• Kara-Khanid Khanate c. 840 to 1212 CE
• Northern Yuan 1368 to 1635 CE
• Golden Horde 1242 to 1502 CE
• Khwarazmian Empire 1077 to 1231 CE
• Chagatai Khanate 1225 to 1370 CE
• Kara-Khitai 1124 to 1218 CE
• Yenisei Kyrgyz c. 550 to 1207 CE
• Moghulistan c. 1347 to 1514 CE

Elsewhere in the world at the same time

• Republic of Venice c. 697 to 1797 CE, Europe
• Byzantine Empire 395 to 1453 CE, Europe
• Byzantine Empire 395 to 1453 CE, Middle East
• Swahili city-states c. 800 to 1700 CE, Central and Southern Africa
• Holy Roman Empire 962 to 1806 CE, Europe
• Srivijaya c. 650 to 1377 CE, Southeast Asia
• Ethiopian Empire (Solomonic dynasty) 1270 to 1974 CE, North and West Africa
• Khmer Empire 802 to 1431 CE, Southeast Asia
• Ottoman Empire 1299 to 1922 CE, Europe
• Ottoman Empire 1299 to 1922 CE, Middle East

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